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A Nonlinear Grey Bernoulli Model with Conformable Fractional-Order Accumulation and Its Application to the Gross Regional Product in the Cheng-Yu Area
Wenqing WU, Xin MA, Bo ZENG, Yuanyuan ZHANG
系统科学与信息学报(英文), 2024, 12(2): 245-273.   DOI: 10.21078/JSSI-2023-0119

Year Data GM$ (1, 1) $ CFGM$ (1, 1) $ NGBM$ (1, 1) $ CFNGBM$ (1, 1) $ CFNGBM$ (1, 1, \lambda) $
2013 706.69 706.6900 706.6900 706.6900 706.6900 706.6900
2014 809.00 777.7660 770.9007 753.7539 791.9635 804.3043
2015 871.36 865.8257 875.9895 868.3060 868.0328 878.4366
2016 926.84 963.8556 976.7779 974.0244 969.8482 981.1922
2017 1046.43 1072.9846 1077.9478 1077.8531 1076.3927 1088.0237
2018 1230.85 1194.4693 1181.8337 1182.8942 1184.7636 1195.5076
2019 1345.73 1329.7087 1289.8908 1290.9318 1294.6332 1303.1767
2020 1403.18 1480.2601 1403.1800 1403.1792 1406.2225 1411.1963
2021 1519.87 1647.8571 1522.5689 1520.5702 1519.8700 1519.8700
MAPE$ _{\rm simu} $(%) 2.7966 3.5246 3.8339 2.7471 2.8206
MAPE$ _{\rm pred} $(%) 5.0349 1.4423 1.3727 1.3379 1.2445
MAPE$ _{\rm total} $(%) 3.6360 2.7437 2.9109 2.2187 2.2296
Table 13 The results of the gross regional product of Suining by the GM$(1,1)$, CFGM$(1,1)$, NGBM$(1,1)$, CFNGBM$(1,1)$ and CFNGBM$(1,1,\lambda)$ models
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