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A Nonlinear Grey Bernoulli Model with Conformable Fractional-Order Accumulation and Its Application to the Gross Regional Product in the Cheng-Yu Area
Wenqing WU, Xin MA, Bo ZENG, Yuanyuan ZHANG
系统科学与信息学报(英文), 2024, 12(2): 245-273.   DOI: 10.21078/JSSI-2023-0119

Year Data GM$ (1, 1) $ CFGM$ (1, 1) $ NGBM$ (1, 1) $ CFNGBM$ (1, 1) $ CFNGBM$ (1, 1, \lambda) $
2013 790.91 790.9100 790.9100 790.9100 790.9100 790.9100
2014 838.46 810.4209 806.1722 800.2023 828.3993 836.3542
2015 874.39 882.5480 887.0569 884.7228 874.6430 882.6788
2016 928.03 961.0944 967.0751 966.2840 958.2327 966.6667
2017 1047.67 1046.6313 1048.9844 1048.9358 1048.1555 1056.3424
2018 1157.00 1139.7811 1134.1914 1134.4722 1139.6606 1146.8736
2019 1250.44 1241.2211 1223.6111 1223.9654 1231.7841 1237.2998
2020 1301.60 1351.6893 1317.9459 1318.1933 1324.4446 1327.5527
2021 1417.80 1471.9890 1417.8000 1417.8004 1417.7999 1417.8000
MAPE$ _{\rm simu} $(%) 1.8855 2.3207 2.3869 1.2057 1.4131
MAPE$ _{\rm pred} $(%) 2.8025 1.1338 1.1307 1.0824 1.0149
MAPE$ _{\rm total} $(%) 2.2294 1.8756 1.9158 1.1594 1.2638
Table 16 The results of the gross regional product of Guang'an by the GM$(1,1)$, CFGM$(1,1)$, NGBM$(1,1)$, CFNGBM$(1,1)$ and CFNGBM$(1,1,\lambda)$ models
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